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Extraction and ClarificationIn vitro denaturation and refolding

Strong denaturants and the typical concentrations used for the solubilization of protein from inclusion bodies

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Denaturant
typical concentration for use
range
urea 8 M
2-8 M
guanidine hydrochloride 6 M
3-8 M
sarkosyl (N-lauroylsarcosine)
2%

Triton X-100 + sarkosyl
2% + 1.5%

N-cetyl trimethylammonium chloride
5%

N-octylglucoside
2%

sodium dodecyl sulphate
0.1%
0.1-0.5%
alkaline pH
above pH 9 (NaOH)

Source:
Protein purification. Handbook, Amersham Pharmacia biotech, p.71 (1999).