ID HBB_HUMAN Reviewed; 147 AA. AC P68871; P02023; Q13852; Q14481; Q14510; Q45KT0; Q6FI08; Q8IZI1; AC Q9BX96; Q9UCP8; Q9UCP9; DT 21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2. DT 04-NOV-2008, entry version 68. DE RecName: Full=Hemoglobin subunit beta; DE AltName: Full=Hemoglobin beta chain; DE AltName: Full=Beta-globin; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=LVV-hemorphin-7; GN Name=HBB; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; OC Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; OC Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX MEDLINE=77126403; PubMed=1019344; RA Marotta C., Forget B., Cohen-Solal M., Weissman S.M.; RT "Nucleotide sequence analysis of coding and noncoding regions of human RT beta-globin mRNA."; RL Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 19:165-175(1976). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RX MEDLINE=81064667; PubMed=6254664; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(80)90428-6; RA Lawn R.M., Efstratiadis A., O'Connell C., Maniatis T.; RT "The nucleotide sequence of the human beta-globin gene."; RL Cell 21:647-651(1980). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT LYS-7. RX PubMed=16175509; DOI=10.1086/491748; RA Wood E.T., Stover D.A., Slatkin M., Nachman M.W., Hammer M.F.; RT "The beta-globin recombinational hotspot reduces the effects of strong RT selection around HbC, a recently arisen mutation providing resistance RT to malaria."; RL Am. J. Hum. Genet. 77:637-642(2005). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RA Lu L., Hu Z.H., Du C.S., Fu Y.S.; RT "DNA sequence of the human beta-globin gene isolated from a healthy RT Chinese."; RL Submitted (JUN-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT LOUISVILLE LEU-43. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Kutlar F., Harbin J., Brisco J., Kutlar A.; RT "Rapid detection of electrophoretically silent, unstable human RT hemoglobin 'Louisville', (Beta; Phe 42 Leu/TTT to CTT) by cDNA RT sequencing of mRNA."; RL Submitted (JAN-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT DURHAM-N.C. PRO-115. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Kutlar F., Abboud M., Leithner C., Holley L., Brisco J., Kutlar A.; RT "Electrophoretically silent, very unstable, thalassemic mutation at RT codon 114 of beta globin (hemoglobin Durham-N.C.) detected by cDNA RT sequencing of mRNA, from a Russian women."; RL Submitted (AUG-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT TY GARD GLN-125. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Kutlar F., Holley L., Leithner C., Kutlar A.; RT "A rare beta chain variant 'Hemoglobin Ty Gard:Pro 124 Gln' found in a RT Caucasian female with erythrocytosis."; RL Submitted (FEB-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [8] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RA Kutlar A., Vercellotti G.M., Glendenning M., Holley L., Elam D., RA Kutlar F.; RT "Heterozygote C->A beta-thalassemia mutation at the intron-2/848 RT nucleotide of beta globin gene was detected on a Northern European RT (Caucasian) individual."; RL Submitted (JUL-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [9] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANTS VAL-7 AND SER-140. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Kutlar F., Lallinger R.R., Holley L., Glendenning M., Kutlar A.; RT "A new hemoglobin, beta chain variant 'Hb S-Wake' confirmed to be on RT the same chromosome with hemoglobin S mutation, detected in an RT African-American family."; RL Submitted (JUL-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [10] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT O-ARAB. RC TISSUE=Blood; RA Kutlar F., Elam D., Glendenning M., Kutlar A., Dincol G.; RT "Coexistence of the hemoglobin O-Arab (Glu 121 Lys) and beta- RT thalassemia (intron-2; nucleotide 745 C->G) was detected in a Turkish RT patient."; RL Submitted (OCT-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [11] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RA Li W.J.; RT "Thalassaemic trait cause by C-T substitution at position -90 in RT proximal CACCC box of beta-globin gene in China family."; RL Submitted (MAR-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [12] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., RA Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., RA Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J.; RT "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry RT vector (pDONR201)."; RL Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [13] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Skeletal muscle; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA RT project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [14] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-147. RX PubMed=13872627; RA Braunitzer G., Gehring-Muller R., Hilschmann N., Hilse K., Hobom G., RA Rudloff V., Wittmann-Liebold B.; RT "The constitution of normal adult human haemoglobin."; RL Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 325:283-286(1961). RN [15] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 33-42, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. RX PubMed=1575724; DOI=10.1016/0006-291X(92)90699-L; RA Glaemsta E.-L., Meyerson B., Silberring J., Terenius L., Nyberg F.; RT "Isolation of a hemoglobin-derived opioid peptide from cerebrospinal RT fluid of patients with cerebrovascular bleedings."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 184:1060-1066(1992). RN [16] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 33-42. RA Ianzer D., Konno K., Xavier C.H., Stoecklin R., Santos R.A.S., RA de Camargo A.C.M., Pimenta D.C.; RL Submitted (JUN-2007) to UniProtKB. RN [17] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 122-147. RX MEDLINE=85205333; PubMed=2581851; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(85)90093-9; RA Lang K.M., Spritz R.A.; RT "Cloning specific complete polyadenylylated 3'-terminal cDNA RT segments."; RL Gene 33:191-196(1985). RN [18] RP BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE BINDING. RX PubMed=4555506; DOI=10.1038/237146a0; RA Arnone A.; RT "X-ray diffraction study of binding of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate to human RT deoxyhaemoglobin."; RL Nature 237:146-149(1972). RN [19] RP ACETYLATION AT LYS-145. RX PubMed=4531009; RA Shamsuddin M., Mason R.G., Ritchey J.M., Honig G.R., Klotz I.M.; RT "Sites of acetylation of sickle cell hemoglobin by aspirin."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71:4693-4697(1974). RN [20] RP GLYCATION AT VAL-2. RX MEDLINE=78138698; PubMed=635569; RA Bunn H.F., Gabbay K.H., Gallop P.M.; RT "The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus."; RL Science 200:21-27(1978). RN [21] RP GLYCATION AT LYS-9; LYS-18; LYS-67; LYS-121 AND LYS-145, AND ABSENCE RP OF GLYCATION AT LYS-60; LYS-83 AND LYS-96. RX PubMed=7358733; RA Shapiro R., McManus M.J., Zalut C., Bunn H.F.; RT "Sites of nonenzymatic glycosylation of human hemoglobin A."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 255:3120-3127(1980). RN [22] RP INTERACTION WITH HAPTOGLOBIN. RX MEDLINE=86242088; PubMed=3718478; RA Yoshioka N., Atassi M.Z.; RT "Haemoglobin binding with haptoglobin. Localization of the RT haptoglobin-binding sites on the beta-chain of human haemoglobin by RT synthetic overlapping peptides encompassing the entire chain."; RL Biochem. J. 234:453-456(1986). RN [23] RP OXIDATION AT LEU-142. RX PubMed=1520632; RA Brennan S.O., Shaw J., Allen J., George P.M.; RT "Beta 141 Leu is not deleted in the unstable haemoglobin Atlanta- RT Coventry but is replaced by a novel amino acid of mass 129 daltons."; RL Br. J. Haematol. 81:99-103(1992). RN [24] RP S-NITROSYLATION AT CYS-94. RX PubMed=8637569; DOI=10.1038/380221a0; RA Jia L., Bonaventura C., Bonaventura J., Stamler J.S.; RT "S-nitrosohaemoglobin: a dynamic activity of blood involved in RT vascular control."; RL Nature 380:221-226(1996). RN [25] RP S-NITROSYLATION AT CYS-94. RX MEDLINE=99060083; PubMed=9843411; DOI=10.1021/bi9816711; RA Chan N.L., Rogers P.H., Arnone A.; RT "Crystal structure of the S-nitroso form of liganded human RT hemoglobin."; RL Biochemistry 37:16459-16464(1998). RN [26] RP NITRIC OXIDE-BINDING. RX MEDLINE=20056222; PubMed=10588683; DOI=10.1073/pnas.96.25.14206; RA Durner J., Gow A.J., Stamler J.S., Glazebrook J.; RT "Ancient origins of nitric oxide signaling in biological systems."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96:14206-14207(1999). RN [27] RP ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-145, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY. RC TISSUE=Epithelium; RX PubMed=16916647; DOI=10.1016/j.molcel.2006.06.026; RA Kim S.C., Sprung R., Chen Y., Xu Y., Ball H., Pei J., Cheng T., RA Kho Y., Xiao H., Xiao L., Grishin N.V., White M., Yang X.-J., Zhao Y.; RT "Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by RT a proteomics survey."; RL Mol. Cell 23:607-618(2006). RN [28] RP SYNTHESIS OF 33-42, AND FUNCTION. RX PubMed=16904236; DOI=10.1016/j.peptides.2006.06.009; RA Ianzer D., Konno K., Xavier C.H., Stoecklin R., Santos R.A.S., RA de Camargo A.C.M., Pimenta D.C.; RT "Hemorphin and hemorphin-like peptides isolated from dog pancreas and RT sheep brain are able to potentiate bradykinin activity in vivo."; RL Peptides 27:2957-2966(2006). RN [29] RP PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-131, AND MASS RP SPECTROMETRY. RX PubMed=18083107; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.025; RA Rikova K., Guo A., Zeng Q., Possemato A., Yu J., Haack H., Nardone J., RA Lee K., Reeves C., Li Y., Hu Y., Tan Z., Stokes M., Sullivan L., RA Mitchell J., Wetzel R., Macneill J., Ren J.M., Yuan J., RA Bakalarski C.E., Villen J., Kornhauser J.M., Smith B., Li D., Zhou X., RA Gygi S.P., Gu T.-L., Polakiewicz R.D., Rush J., Comb M.J.; RT "Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic RT kinases in lung cancer."; RL Cell 131:1190-1203(2007). RN [30] RP ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF SICKLE-CELL HEMOGLOBIN FIBERS. RX PubMed=4123689; RA Finch J.T., Perutz M.F., Bertles J.F., Doebler J.; RT "Structure of sickled erythrocytes and of sickle-cell hemoglobin RT fibers."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70:718-722(1973). RN [31] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (5 ANGSTROMS) OF MUTANT VAL-7. RX PubMed=1195378; DOI=10.1016/S0022-2836(75)80108-2; RA Wishner B.C., Ward K.B., Lattman E.E., Love W.E.; RT "Crystal structure of sickle-cell deoxyhemoglobin at 5 A resolution."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 98:179-194(1975). RN [32] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN. RX MEDLINE=76027820; PubMed=1177322; DOI=10.1016/S0022-2836(75)80037-4; RA Fermi G.; RT "Three-dimensional fourier synthesis of human deoxyhaemoglobin at 2.5- RT A resolution: refinement of the atomic model."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 97:237-256(1975). RN [33] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.7 ANGSTROMS) OF CARBONMONOXY HEMOGLOBIN. RX PubMed=7373648; DOI=10.1016/0022-2836(80)90308-3; RA Baldwin J.M.; RT "The structure of human carbonmonoxy haemoglobin at 2.7-A RT resolution."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 136:103-128(1980). RN [34] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.74 ANGSTROMS) OF DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN. RX PubMed=6726807; DOI=10.1016/0022-2836(84)90472-8; RA Fermi G., Perutz M.F., Shaanan B., Fourme R.; RT "The crystal structure of human deoxyhaemoglobin at 1.74 A RT resolution."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 175:159-174(1984). RN [35] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.9 ANGSTROMS) OF VARIANT ROTHSCHILD ARG-38. RX MEDLINE=92232710; PubMed=1567857; DOI=10.1021/bi00131a030; RA Kavanaugh J.S., Rogers P.H., Case D.A., Arnone A.; RT "High-resolution X-ray study of deoxyhemoglobin Rothschild 37 beta RT Trp-->Arg: a mutation that creates an intersubunit chloride-binding RT site."; RL Biochemistry 31:4111-4121(1992). RN [36] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS) OF MUTANT ARG-75. RX PubMed=1507231; DOI=10.1016/0022-2836(92)90638-Z; RA Fermi G., Perutz M.F., Williamson D., Stein P., Shih D.T.; RT "Structure-function relationships in the low-affinity mutant RT haemoglobin Aalborg (Gly74 (E18)beta-->Arg)."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 226:883-888(1992). RN [37] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS), AND BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE RP BINDING. RX PubMed=8377203; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.1993.1505; RA Richard V., Dodson G.G., Mauguen Y.; RT "Human deoxyhaemoglobin-2,3-diphosphoglycerate complex low-salt RT structure at 2.5 A resolution."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 233:270-274(1993). RN [38] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.1 ANGSTROMS). RX PubMed=8642597; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.1996.0124; RA Paoli M., Liddington R., Tame J., Wilkinson A., Dodson G.; RT "Crystal structure of T state haemoglobin with oxygen bound at all RT four haems."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 256:775-792(1996). RN [39] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.8 ANGSTROMS) OF MUTANTS ALA-38; GLU-38; RP GLY-38 AND TYR-38. RX PubMed=9521756; DOI=10.1021/bi9708702; RA Kavanaugh J.S., Weydert J.A., Rogers P.H., Arnone A.; RT "High-resolution crystal structures of human hemoglobin with mutations RT at tryptophan 37beta: structural basis for a high-affinity T-state."; RL Biochemistry 37:4358-4373(1998). RN [40] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF MUTANT TRP-7. RX PubMed=9830011; DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.49.32690; RA Harrington D.J., Adachi K., Royer W.E. Jr.; RT "Crystal structure of deoxy-human hemoglobin beta6 Glu-->Trp. RT Implications for the structure and formation of the sickle cell RT fiber."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 273:32690-32696(1998). RN [41] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF MUTANT LYS-7. RX PubMed=12454462; DOI=10.1107/S0907444902016426; RA Dewan J.C., Feeling-Taylor A., Puius Y.A., Patskovska L., RA Patskovsky Y., Nagel R.L., Almo S.C., Hirsch R.E.; RT "Structure of mutant human carbonmonoxyhemoglobin C (betaE6K) at 2.0 A RT resolution."; RL Acta Crystallogr. D 58:2038-2042(2002). RN [42] RP VARIANT ALABAMA LYS-40. RX MEDLINE=75109326; PubMed=1115799; RA Brimhall B., Jones R.T., Schneider R.G., Hosty T.S., Tomlin G., RA Atkins R.; RT "Two new hemoglobins. Hemoglobin Alabama (beta39(C5)Gln leads to Lys) RT and hemoglobin Montgomery (alpha 48(CD 6) Leu leads to Arg)."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 379:28-32(1975). RN [43] RP INVOLVEMENT IN HEINZ BODY ANEMIAS, AND VARIANT ST LOUIS GLN-29. RX PubMed=186485; RA Thillet J., Cohen-Solal M., Seligmann M., Rosa J.; RT "Functional and physicochemical studies of hemoglobin St. Louis beta RT 28 (B10) Leu replaced by Gln: a variant with ferric beta heme iron."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 58:1098-1106(1976). RN [44] RP INVOLVEMENT IN DOMINANT BETA-THALASSEMIA INCLUSION BODY TYPE. RX PubMed=1971109; RA Thein S.L., Hesketh C., Taylor P., Temperley I.J., Hutchinson R.M., RA Old J.M., Wood W.G., Clegg J.B., Weatherall D.J.; RT "Molecular basis for dominantly inherited inclusion body beta- RT thalassemia."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:3924-3928(1990). RN [45] RP VARIANT ALESHA MET-68. RX MEDLINE=93322192; PubMed=8330974; RA Molchanova T.P., Postnikov Y.V., Pobedimskaya D.D., Smetanina N.S., RA Moschan A.A., Kazanetz E.G., Tokarev Y.N., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Alesha or alpha 2 beta (2)67(E11)Val-->Met: a new unstable RT hemoglobin variant identified through sequencing of amplified DNA."; RL Hemoglobin 17:217-225(1993). RN [46] RP VARIANT J-ALTGELDS GARDENS ASP-93. RX MEDLINE=79067354; PubMed=721609; RA Adams J.G. III, Przywara K.P., Heller P., Shamsuddin M.; RT "Hemoglobin J Altgeld Gardens. A hemoglobin variant with a RT substitution of the proximal histidine of the beta-chain."; RL Hemoglobin 2:403-415(1978). RN [47] RP VARIANT ANKARA ASP-11. RX MEDLINE=74297498; PubMed=4850241; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(74)80766-0; RA Arcasoy A., Casey R., Lehmann H., Cavdar A.O., Berki A.; RT "A new haemoglobin J from Turkey -- Hb Ankara (beta10 (A7) Ala-Asp)."; RL FEBS Lett. 42:121-123(1974). RN [48] RP VARIANTS J-ANTAKYA MET-66 AND COMPLUTENSE GLU-128. RX MEDLINE=86216227; PubMed=3707969; DOI=10.1016/0167-4838(86)90178-0; RA Huisman T.H.J., Wilson J.B., Kutlar A., Yang K.-G., Chen S.-S., RA Webber B.B., Altay C., Martinez A.V.; RT "Hb J-Antakya or alpha 2 beta (2)65(E9)Lys-->Met in a Turkish family RT and Hb complutense or alpha 2 beta (2)127(H5)Gln-->Glu in a Spanish RT family; correction of a previously published identification."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 871:229-231(1986). RN [49] RP VARIANT J-AUCKLAND ASP-26. RX MEDLINE=88006903; PubMed=3654265; RA Williamson D., Wells R.M.G., Anderson R., Matthews J.; RT "A new unstable and low oxygen affinity hemoglobin variant: Hb J- RT Auckland [beta 25(B7)Gly-->Asp]."; RL Hemoglobin 11:221-230(1987). RN [50] RP VARIANT AURORA TYR-140. RX MEDLINE=96352910; PubMed=8718692; RA Lafferty J., Ali M., Matthew K., Eng B., Patterson M., Waye J.S.; RT "Identification of a new high oxygen affinity hemoglobin variant: Hb RT Aurora [beta 139(H17) Asn-->Tyr]."; RL Hemoglobin 19:335-341(1995). RN [51] RP VARIANT BREST LYS-128. RX MEDLINE=88256755; PubMed=3384710; RA Baudin-Chich V., Wajcman H., Gombaud-Saintonge G., Arous N., Riou J., RA Briere J., Galacteros F.; RT "Hemoglobin Brest [beta 127 (H5)Gln-->Lys] a new unstable human RT hemoglobin variant located at the alpha 1 beta 1 interface with RT specific electrophoretic behavior."; RL Hemoglobin 12:179-188(1988). RN [52] RP VARIANT BRISBANE HIS-69. RX MEDLINE=81239159; PubMed=6166590; RA Brennan S.O., Wells R.M., Smith H., Carrell R.W.; RT "Hemoglobin Brisbane: beta68 Leu replaced by His. A new high oxygen RT affinity variant."; RL Hemoglobin 5:325-335(1981). RN [53] RP VARIANT BUNBURY ASN-95. RX MEDLINE=84031649; PubMed=6629823; RA Como P.F., Kennett D., Wilkinson T., Kronenberg H.; RT "A new hemoglobin with high oxygen affinity -- hemoglobin Bunbury: RT alpha 2 beta 2 [94 (FG1) Asp replaced by Asn]."; RL Hemoglobin 7:413-421(1983). RN [54] RP VARIANT J-CAIRO GLN-66. RX MEDLINE=76114933; PubMed=1247583; RA Garel M.-C., Hassan W., Coquelet M.T., Goossens M., Rosa J., Arous N.; RT "Hemoglobin J Cairo: beta 65 (E9) Lys leads to Gln, A new hemoglobin RT variant discovered in an Egyptian family."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 420:97-104(1976). RN [55] RP VARIANT CAMPERDOWN SER-105. RX MEDLINE=75184109; PubMed=1138922; RA Wilkinson T., Chua C.G., Carrell R.W., Robin H., Exner T., Lee K.M., RA Kronenberg H.; RT "A new haemoglobin variant, haemoglobin Camperdown (beta 104 (G6) RT arginine->serine)."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 393:195-200(1975). RN [56] RP VARIANT CARIBBEAN ARG-92. RX MEDLINE=77048866; PubMed=992050; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(76)80662-X; RA Ahern E., Ahern V., Hilton T., Serjeant G.R., Serjeant B.E., RA Seakins M., Lang A., Middleton A., Lehmann H.; RT "Haemoglobin caribbean beta91 (F7) Leu replaced by Arg: a mildly RT haemoglobin with a low oxygen affinity."; RL FEBS Lett. 69:99-102(1976). RN [57] RP VARIANT CITY OF HOPE SER-70. RX MEDLINE=85006311; PubMed=6434492; RA Rahbar S., Asmerom Y., Blume K.G.; RT "A silent hemoglobin variant detected by HPLC: hemoglobin City of Hope RT beta 69 (E13) Gly-->Ser."; RL Hemoglobin 8:333-342(1984). RN [58] RP VARIANT COIMBRA GLU-100. RX MEDLINE=92267852; PubMed=1814856; RA Tamagnini G.P., Ribeiro M.L., Valente V., Ramachandran M., RA Wilson J.B., Baysal E., Gu L.H., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Coimbra or alpha 2 beta (2)99(G1)Asp-->Glu, a newly discovered RT high oxygen affinity variant."; RL Hemoglobin 15:487-496(1991). RN [59] RP VARIANT COSTA RICA ARG-78. RX MEDLINE=96235282; PubMed=8641705; DOI=10.1007/s004390050145; RA Romero W.E.R., Castillo M., Chaves M.A., Saenz G.F., Gu L.-H., RA Wilson J.B., Baysal E., Smetanina N.S., Leonova J.Y., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Costa Rica or alpha 2 beta 2 77(EF1)His-->Arg: the first example RT of a somatic cell mutation in a globin gene."; RL Hum. Genet. 97:829-833(1996). RN [60] RP VARIANT DEBROUSSE PRO-97. RX MEDLINE=96180033; PubMed=8602627; RA Lacan P., Kister J., Francina A., Souillet G., Galacteros F., RA Delaunay J., Wajcman H.; RT "Hemoglobin Debrousse (beta 96[FG3]Leu-->Pro): a new unstable RT hemoglobin with twofold increased oxygen affinity."; RL Am. J. Hematol. 51:276-281(1996). RN [61] RP VARIANT DHONBURI GLY-127. RX MEDLINE=90379198; PubMed=2399911; RA Bardakdjian-Michau J., Fucharoen S., Delanoe-Garin J., Kister J., RA Lacombe C., Winichagoon P., Blouquit Y., Riou J., Wasi P., RA Galacteros F.; RT "Hemoglobin Dhonburi alpha 2 beta 2 126 (H4) Val-->Gly: a new unstable RT beta variant producing a beta-thalassemia intermedia phenotype in RT association with beta zero-thalassemia."; RL Am. J. Hematol. 35:96-99(1990). RN [62] RP VARIANTS NEWCASTLE PRO-93 AND CAMPERDOWN SER-105, AND DESCRIPTION OF RP VARIANT DUINO. RX MEDLINE=92380658; PubMed=1511986; DOI=10.1007/BF00221961; RA Wajcman H., Blouquit Y., Vasseur C., le Querrec A., Laniece M., RA Melevendi C., Rasore A., Galacteros F.; RT "Two new human hemoglobin variants caused by unusual mutational RT events: Hb Zaire contains a five residue repetition within the alpha- RT chain and Hb Duino has two residues substituted in the beta-chain."; RL Hum. Genet. 89:676-680(1992). RN [63] RP VARIANT DURHAM-N.C. PRO-115. RX MEDLINE=93244842; PubMed=1301199; RA Murru S., Poddie D., Sciarratta G.V., Agosti S., Baffico M., RA Melevendi C., Pirastu M., Cao A.; RT "A novel beta-globin structural mutant, Hb Brescia (beta 114 Leu-Pro), RT causing a severe beta-thalassemia intermedia phenotype."; RL Hum. Mutat. 1:124-128(1992). RN [64] RP VARIANT DURHAM-N.C. PRO-115. RX MEDLINE=94154273; PubMed=8111050; RA de Castro C.M., Devlin B., Fleenor D.E., Lee M.E., Kaufman R.E.; RT "A novel beta-globin mutation, beta Durham-NC [beta 114 Leu-->Pro], RT produces a dominant thalassemia-like phenotype."; RL Blood 83:1109-1116(1994). RN [65] RP VARIANT J-EUROPA ASP-63. RX MEDLINE=96407264; PubMed=8811317; RA Kiger L., Kister J., Groff P., Kalmes G., Prome D., Galacteros F., RA Wajcman H.; RT "Hb J-Europa [beta 62(E6)Ala-->Asp]: normal oxygen binding properties RT in a new variant involving a residue located distal to the heme."; RL Hemoglobin 20:135-140(1996). RN [66] RP VARIANT GEELONG ASP-140. RX MEDLINE=92010939; PubMed=1917539; RA Como P.F., Hocking D.R., Swinton G.W., Trent R.J., Holland R.A.B., RA Tibben E.A., Wilkinson T., Kronenberg H.; RT "Hb Geelong [beta 139(H17)Asn-->Asp]."; RL Hemoglobin 15:85-95(1991). RN [67] RP VARIANT GRANGE-BLANCHE VAL-28. RX MEDLINE=88030044; PubMed=3666141; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(87)80509-4; RA Baklouti F., Giraud Y., Francina A., Richard G., Perier C., RA Geyssant A., Jaubert J., Brizard C., Delaunay J.; RT "Hemoglobin Grange-Blanche [beta 27(B9) Ala-->Val], a new variant with RT normal expression and increased affinity for oxygen."; RL FEBS Lett. 223:59-62(1987). RN [68] RP VARIANT GRAZ LEU-3. RX MEDLINE=93138927; PubMed=1487420; RA Liu J.S., Molchanova T.P., Gu L.H., Wilson J.B., Hopmeier P., RA Schnedl W., Balaun E., Krejs G.J., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Graz or alpha 2 beta 2(2)(NA2)His-->Leu; a new beta chain variant RT observed in four families from southern Austria."; RL Hemoglobin 16:493-501(1992). RN [69] RP VARIANT HELSINKI MET-83. RX MEDLINE=77062201; PubMed=826083; RA Ikkala E., Koskela J., Pikkarainen P., Rahiala E.-L., El-Hazmi M.A.F., RA Nagai K., Lang A., Lehmann H.; RT "Hb Helsinki: a variant with a high oxygen affinity and a substitution RT at a 2,3-DPG binding site (beta82[EF6] Lys replaced by Met)."; RL Acta Haematol. 56:257-275(1976). RN [70] RP VARIANT HIMEJI ASP-141. RX MEDLINE=86167527; PubMed=3754244; RA Ohba Y., Miyaji T., Murakami M., Kadowaki S., Fujita T., Oimomi M., RA Hatanaka H., Ishikawa K., Baba S., Hitaka K., Imai K.; RT "Hb Himeji or beta 140 (H18) Ala-->Asp. A slightly unstable hemoglobin RT with increased beta N-terminal glycation."; RL Hemoglobin 10:109-126(1986). RN [71] RP VARIANT HINSDALE LYS-140. RX MEDLINE=90093866; PubMed=2513289; RA Moo-Penn W.F., Johnson M.H., Jue D.L., Lonser R.; RT "Hb Hinsdale [beta 139 (H17)Asn-->Lys]: a variant in the central RT cavity showing reduced affinity for oxygen and 2,3- RT diphosphoglycerate."; RL Hemoglobin 13:455-464(1989). RN [72] RP VARIANT HINWIL ASN-39. RX MEDLINE=96351651; PubMed=8745430; RA Frischknecht H., Ventruto M., Hess D., Hunziker P., Rosatelli M.C., RA Cao A., Breitenstein U., Fehr J., Tuchschmid P.; RT "HB Hinwil or beta 38(C4)Thr-->Asn: a new beta chain variant detected RT in a Swiss family."; RL Hemoglobin 20:31-40(1996). RN [73] RP VARIANT HOWICK GLY-38. RX MEDLINE=94193408; PubMed=8144352; RA Owen M.C., Ockelford P.A., Wells R.M.G.; RT "Hb Howick [beta 37(C3)Trp-->Gly]: a new high oxygen affinity variant RT of the alpha 1 beta 2 contact."; RL Hemoglobin 17:513-521(1993). RN [74] RP VARIANT INDIANAPOLIS ARG-113. RX MEDLINE=79151109; PubMed=429365; RA Adams J.G. III, Steinberg M.H., Boxer L.A., Baehner R.L., Forget B.G., RA Tsistrakis G.A.; RT "The structure of hemoglobin Indianapolis [beta112(G14) arginine]. An RT unstable variant detectable only by isotopic labeling."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 254:3479-3482(1979). RN [75] RP VARIANT ISEHARA ASN-93. RX MEDLINE=92155974; PubMed=1787097; RA Harano T., Harano K., Kushida Y., Ueda S., Yoshii A., Nishinarita M.; RT "Hb Isehara (or Hb Redondo) [beta 92 (F8) His-->Asn]: an unstable RT variant with a proximal histidine substitution at the heme contact."; RL Hemoglobin 15:279-290(1991). RN [76] RP VARIANT ISTAMBUL GLN-93. RX MEDLINE=73054825; PubMed=4639022; RA Aksoy M., Erdem S., Efremov G.D., Wilson J.B., Huisman T.H.J., RA Schroeder W.A., Shelton J.R., Shelton J.B., Ulitin O.N., Muftuoglu A.; RT "Hemoglobin Istanbul: substitution of glutamine for histidine in a RT proximal histidine (F8(92))."; RL J. Clin. Invest. 51:2380-2387(1972). RN [77] RP VARIANT JACKSONVILLE ASP-55. RX MEDLINE=91331861; PubMed=2101840; RA Gaudry C.L. Jr., Pitel P.A., Jue D.L., Hine T.K., Johnson M.H., RA Moo-Penn W.F.; RT "Hb Jacksonville [alpha 2 beta 2(54)(D5)Val-->Asp]: a new unstable RT variant found in a patient with hemolytic anemia."; RL Hemoglobin 14:653-659(1990). RN [78] RP VARIANT JIANGHUA ILE-121. RX MEDLINE=84007581; PubMed=6618888; RA Lu Y.Q., Fan J.L., Liu J.F., Hu H.L., Peng X.H., Huang C.-H., RA Huang P.Y., Chen S.S., Jai P.C., Yang K.G.; RT "Hemoglobin Jianghua [beta 120(GH3) Lys leads to Ile]: a new fast- RT moving variant found in China."; RL Hemoglobin 7:321-326(1983). RN [79] RP VARIANT KARLSKOGA HIS-22. RX MEDLINE=93322190; PubMed=8330972; RA Landin B.; RT "Hb Karlskoga or alpha 2 beta (2)21(B3) Asp-->His: a new slow-moving RT variant found in Sweden."; RL Hemoglobin 17:201-208(1993). RN [80] RP VARIANT KNOSSOS SER-28. RX MEDLINE=83079719; PubMed=7173395; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(82)81052-1; RA Arous N., Galacteros F., Fessas P., Loukopoulos D., Blouquit Y., RA Komis G., Sellaye M., Boussiou M., Rosa J.; RT "Structural study of hemoglobin Knossos, beta 27 (B9) Ala leads to RT Ser. A new abnormal hemoglobin present as a silent beta-thalassemia."; RL FEBS Lett. 147:247-250(1982). RN [81] RP VARIANT KODAIRA GLN-147. RX MEDLINE=92340295; PubMed=1634367; RA Harano T., Harano K., Kushida Y., Imai K., Nishinakamura R., RA Matsunaga T.; RT "Hb Kodaira [beta 146(HC3)His-->Gln]: a new beta chain variant with an RT amino acid substitution at the C-terminus."; RL Hemoglobin 16:85-91(1992). RN [82] RP VARIANT KOFU ILE-85. RX MEDLINE=86303641; PubMed=3744871; RA Harano T., Harano K., Ueda S., Imai N., Kitazumi T.; RT "A new electrophoretically-silent hemoglobin variant: hemoglobin Kofu RT or alpha 2 beta 2 84 (EF8) Thr-->Ile."; RL Hemoglobin 10:417-420(1986). RN [83] RP VARIANT HRADEC KRALOVE ASP-116. RX MEDLINE=94042221; PubMed=7693620; RA Divoky V., Svobodova M., Indrak K., Chrobak L., Molchanova T.P., RA Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Hradec Kralove (Hb HK) or alpha 2 beta 2 115(G17)Ala-->Asp, a RT severely unstable hemoglobin variant resulting in a dominant beta- RT thalassemia trait in a Czech family."; RL Hemoglobin 17:319-328(1993). RN [84] RP VARIANT LA DESIRADE VAL-130. RX MEDLINE=87165149; PubMed=3557994; RA Merault G., Keclard L., Garin J., Poyart C., Blouquit Y., Arous N., RA Galacteros F., Feingold J., Rosa J.; RT "Hemoglobin La Desirade alpha A2 beta 2 129 (H7) Ala-->Val: a new RT unstable hemoglobin."; RL Hemoglobin 10:593-605(1986). RN [85] RP VARIANT LA ROCHE-SUR-YON HIS-82. RX MEDLINE=92172947; PubMed=1540659; DOI=10.1016/0925-4439(92)90052-O; RA Wajcman H., Kister J., Vasseur C., Blouquit Y., Trastour J.C., RA Cottenceau D., Galacteros F.; RT "Structure of the EF corner favors deamidation of asparaginyl residues RT in hemoglobin: the example of Hb La Roche-sur-Yon [beta 81 (EF5) RT Leu-->His]."; RL Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1138:127-132(1992). RN [86] RP VARIANT LAS PALMAS PHE-50. RX MEDLINE=88256753; PubMed=3384708; RA Malcorra-Azpiazu J.J., Balda-Aguirre M.I., Diaz-Chico J.C., Hu H., RA Wilson J.B., Webber B.B., Kutlar F., Kutlar A., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Las Palmas or alpha 2 beta 2(49)(CD8)Ser-->Phe, a mildly unstable RT hemoglobin variant."; RL Hemoglobin 12:163-170(1988). RN [87] RP VARIANT LINKOPING THR-37. RX MEDLINE=88083482; PubMed=3691763; RA Berlin G., Wranne B., Jeppsson J.-O.; RT "Hb Linkoping (beta 36 Pro-->Thr): a new high oxygen affinity RT hemoglobin variant found in two families of Finnish origin."; RL Eur. J. Haematol. 39:452-456(1987). RN [88] RP VARIANT MAPUTO TYR-48. RX MEDLINE=84031650; PubMed=6629824; RA Marinucci M., Boissel J.P., Massa A., Wajcman H., Tentori L., RA Labie D.; RT "Hemoglobin Maputo: a new beta-chain variant (alpha 2 beta 2 47 (CD6) RT Asp replaced by Tyr) in combination with hemoglobin S, identified by RT high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)."; RL Hemoglobin 7:423-433(1983). RN [89] RP VARIANT MATERA LYS-56. RX MEDLINE=90346586; PubMed=2384314; RA Sciarratta G.V., Ivaldi G.; RT "Hb Matera [beta 55(D6)Met-->Lys]: a new unstable hemoglobin variant RT in an Italian family."; RL Hemoglobin 14:79-85(1990). RN [90] RP VARIANT MIYASHIRO GLY-24. RX MEDLINE=82166873; PubMed=7338468; RA Nakatsuji T., Miwa S., Ohba Y., Hattori Y., Miyaji T., Miyata H., RA Shinohara T., Hori T., Takayama J.; RT "Hemoglobin Miyashiro (beta 23[B5] val substituting for gly) an RT electrophoretically silent variant discovered by the isopropanol RT test."; RL Hemoglobin 5:653-666(1981). RN [91] RP VARIANT MIZUHO PRO-69. RX MEDLINE=77248961; PubMed=893142; RA Ohba Y., Miyaji T., Matsuoka M., Sugiyama K., Suzuki T., Sugiura T.; RT "Hemoglobin Mizuho or beta 68 (E 12) leucine leads to proline, a new RT unstable variant associated with severe hemolytic anemia."; RL Hemoglobin 1:467-477(1977). RN [92] RP VARIANT MUSCAT VAL-33. RX MEDLINE=92387956; PubMed=1517102; RA Ramachandran M., Gu L.H., Wilson J.B., Kitundu M.N., Adekile A.D., RA Liu J.C., McKie K.M., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "A new variant, HB Muscat [alpha 2 beta (2)32(B14)Leu-->Val] observed RT in association with HB S in an Arabian family."; RL Hemoglobin 16:259-266(1992). RN [93] RP VARIANT N-TIMONE GLU-9. RX MEDLINE=90236754; PubMed=2634671; RA Lena-Russo D., Orsini A., Vovan L., Bardakdjian-Michau J., Lacombe C., RA Blouquit Y., Craescu C.T., Galacteros F.; RT "Hb N-Timone [alpha 2 beta 2(8)(A5)Lys-->Glu]: a new fast-moving RT variant with normal stability and oxygen affinity."; RL Hemoglobin 13:743-747(1989). RN [94] RP VARIANT NAGOYA PRO-98. RX MEDLINE=85206960; PubMed=3838976; RA Ohba Y., Imanaka M., Matsuoka M., Hattori Y., Miyaji T., Funaki C., RA Shibata K., Shimokata H., Kuzuya F., Miwa S.; RT "A new unstable, high oxygen affinity hemoglobin: Hb Nagoya or beta 97 RT (FG4) His-->Pro."; RL Hemoglobin 9:11-24(1985). RN [95] RP VARIANT D-NEATH ALA-122. RX MEDLINE=93322197; PubMed=8330979; RA Welch S.G., Bateman C.; RT "Hb D-Neath or beta 121 (GH4) Glu-->Ala: a new member of the Hb D RT family."; RL Hemoglobin 17:255-259(1993). RN [96] RP VARIANT NORTH CHICAGO SER-37. RX MEDLINE=86139289; PubMed=3937824; RA Rahbar S., Louis J., Lee T., Asmerom Y.; RT "Hemoglobin North Chicago (beta 36 [C2] proline-->serine): a new high RT affinity hemoglobin."; RL Hemoglobin 9:559-576(1985). RN [97] RP VARIANT NORTH SHORE-CARACAS GLU-135. RX MEDLINE=77246803; PubMed=891976; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(77)80453-5; RA Arends T., Lehmann H., Plowman D., Stathopoulou R.; RT "Haemoglobin North Shore-Caracas beta 134 (H12) valine replaced by RT glutamic acid."; RL FEBS Lett. 80:261-265(1977). RN [98] RP VARIANT OLOMOUC ASP-87. RX MEDLINE=87307470; PubMed=3623975; RA Indrak K., Wiedermann B.F., Batek F., Wilson J.B., Webber B.B., RA Kutlar A., Huisman T.H.J.; RT "Hb Olomouc or alpha 2 beta 2(86)(F2)Ala-->Asp, a new high oxygen RT affinity variant."; RL Hemoglobin 11:151-155(1987). RN [99] RP VARIANT PALMERSTON NORTH PHE-24. RX MEDLINE=83135041; PubMed=7161106; RA Brennan S.O., Williamson D., Whisson M.E., Carrell R.W.; RT "Hemoglobin Palmerston North beta 23 (B5) Val replaced by Phe. A new RT variant identified in a patient with polycythemia."; RL Hemoglobin 6:569-575(1982). RN [100] RP VARIANT PIERRE-BENITE ASP-91. RX MEDLINE=88256754; PubMed=3384709; RA Baklouti F., Giraud Y., Francina A., Richard G., Favre-Gilly J., RA Delaunay J.; RT "Hemoglobin Pierre-Benite [beta 90(F6)Glu-->Asp], a new high affinity RT variant found in a French family."; RL Hemoglobin 12:171-177(1988). RN [101] RP VARIANT PRESBYTERIAN LYS-109. RX MEDLINE=78215075; PubMed=668922; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(78)80720-0; RA Moo-Penn W.F., Wolff J.A., Simon G., Vacek M., Jue D.L., Johnson M.H.; RT "Hemoglobin Presbyterian: beta108 (G10) asparagine leads to lysine, A RT hemoglobin variant with low oxygen affinity."; RL FEBS Lett. 92:53-56(1978). RN [102] RP VARIANT PUTTELANGE VAL-141. RX MEDLINE=96101899; PubMed=8522332; DOI=10.1007/BF00210304; RA Wajcman H., Girodon E., Prome D., North M.L., Plassa F., Duwig I., RA Kister J., Bergerat J.P., Oberling F., Lampert E., Lonsdorfer J., RA Goossens M., Galacteros F.; RT "Germline mosaicism for an alanine to valine substitution at residue RT beta 140 in hemoglobin Puttelange, a new variant with high oxygen RT affinity."; RL Hum. Genet. 96:711-716(1995). RN [103] RP VARIANT QUIN-HAI ARG-79. RX MEDLINE=84031648; PubMed=6629822; RA Jen P.C., Chen L.C., Chen P.F., Wong Y., Chen L.F., Guo Y.Y., RA Chang F.Q., Chow Y.C., Chiu Y.; RT "Hemoglobin Quin-Hai, beta 78 (EF2) Leu replaced by Arg, a new RT abnormal hemoglobin found in Guangdong, China."; RL Hemoglobin 7:407-412(1983). RN [104] RP VARIANT RAMBAM ASP-70. RX MEDLINE=98432396; PubMed=9761252; RA Bisse E., Zorn N., Eigel A., Lizama M., Huamam-Guillen P., Marz W., RA van Dorsselaer A., Wieland H.; RT "Hemoglobin Rambam (beta69[E13]Gly-->Asp), a pitfall in the assessment RT of diabetic control: characterization by electrospray mass RT spectrometry and HPLC."; RL Clin. Chem. 44:2172-2177(1998). RN [105] RP VARIANT RANDWICK GLY-16. RX MEDLINE=88256752; PubMed=3384707; RA Gilbert A.T., Fleming P.J., Sumner D.R., Hughes W.G., Ip F., RA Kwan Y.L., Holland R.A.B.; RT "Hemoglobin Randwick or beta 15 (A12)Trp-->Gly: a new unstable beta- RT chain hemoglobin variant."; RL Hemoglobin 12:149-161(1988). RN [106] RP VARIANT RIO GRANDE THR-9. RX MEDLINE=83185445; PubMed=6857757; RA Moo-Penn W.F., Johnson M.H., McGuffey J.E., Jue D.L., RA Therrell B.L. Jr.; RT "Hemoglobin Rio Grande [beta 8 (A5) Lys leads to Thr] a new variant RT found in a Mexican-American family."; RL Hemoglobin 7:91-95(1983). RN [107] RP VARIANT RUSH GLN-102. RX MEDLINE=74080282; PubMed=4129558; RA Adams J.G. III, Winter W.P., Tausk K., Heller P.; RT "Hemoglobin Rush (beta 101 (g3) glutamine): a new unstable hemoglobin RT causing mild hemolytic anemia."; RL Blood 43:261-269(1974). RN [108] RP VARIANT SAITAMA PRO-118. RX MEDLINE=83185440; PubMed=6687721; RA Ohba Y., Hasegawa Y., Amino H., Miwa S., Nakatsuji T., Hattori Y., RA Miyaji T.; RT "Hemoglobin Saitama or beta 117 (G19) His leads to Pro, a new variant RT causing hemolytic disease."; RL Hemoglobin 7:47-56(1983). RN [109] RP VARIANT M-SASKATOON TYR-64. RX PubMed=13897827; RA Gerald P.S., Efron M.L.; RT "Chemical studies of several varieties of Hb M."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 47:1758-1767(1961). RN [110] RP VARIANT SHELBY/LESLIE/DEACONESS LYS-132. RX MEDLINE=85130256; PubMed=6526653; RA Moo-Penn W.F., Johnson M.H., McGuffey J.E., Jue D.L.; RT "Hemoglobin Shelby [beta 131(H9) Gln-->Lys] a correction to the RT structure of hemoglobin Deaconess and hemoglobin Leslie."; RL Hemoglobin 8:583-593(1984). RN [111] RP VARIANT J-SICILIA ASN-66. RX MEDLINE=74302182; PubMed=4852224; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(74)80050-5; RA Ricco G., Pich P.G., Mazza U., Rossi G., Ajmar P., Arese P., Gallo E.; RT "Hb J Sicilia: beta 65 (E9) Lys-Asn, a beta homologue of Hb Zambia."; RL FEBS Lett. 39:200-204(1974). RN [112] RP VARIANT STANMORE ALA-112. RX MEDLINE=92010936; PubMed=1917537; RA Como P.F., Wylie B.R., Trent R.J., Bruce D., Volpato F., Wilkinson T., RA Kronenberg H., Holland R.A.B., Tibben E.A.; RT "A new unstable and low oxygen affinity hemoglobin variant: Hb RT Stanmore [beta 111(G13)Val-->Ala]."; RL Hemoglobin 15:53-65(1991). RN [113] RP VARIANT ST MANDE TYR-103. RX MEDLINE=81212764; PubMed=7238856; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(81)81046-0; RA Arous N., Braconnier F., Thillet J., Blouquit Y., Galacteros F., RA Chevrier M., Bordahandy C., Rosa J.; RT "Hemoglobin Saint Mande beta 102 (G4) asn replaced by tyr: a new low RT oxygen affinity variant."; RL FEBS Lett. 126:114-116(1981). RN [114] RP VARIANT WINDSOR ASP-12. RX MEDLINE=90093865; PubMed=2599880; RA Gilbert A.T., Fleming P.J., Sumner D.R., Hughes W.G., Holland R.A.B., RA Tibben E.A.; RT "Hemoglobin Windsor or beta 11 (A8)Val-->Asp: a new unstable beta- RT chain hemoglobin variant producing a hemolytic anemia."; RL Hemoglobin 13:437-453(1989). RN [115] RP VARIANT YAHATA TYR-113. RX MEDLINE=92010926; PubMed=1917530; RA Harano T., Harano K., Kushida Y., Ueda S.; RT "A new abnormal variant, Hb Yahata or beta 112(G14)Cys-->Tyr, found in RT a Japanese: structural confirmation by DNA sequencing of the beta- RT globin gene."; RL Hemoglobin 15:109-113(1991). RN [116] RP VARIANT YOKOHAMA PRO-32. RX MEDLINE=82166874; PubMed=7338469; RA Nakatsuji T., Miwa S., Ohba Y., Hattori Y., Miyaji T., Hino S., RA Matsumoto N.; RT "A new unstable hemoglobin, Hb Yokohama beta 31 (B13)Leu substituting RT for Pro, causing hemolytic anemia."; RL Hemoglobin 5:667-678(1981). RN [117] RP INVOLVEMENT IN HEINZ BODY ANEMIAS, AND VARIANT HAMMERSMITH SER-43. RX PubMed=6259091; RA Rahbar S., Feagler R.J., Beutler E.; RT "Hemoglobin Hammersmith (beta 42 (CD1) Phe replaced by Ser) associated RT with severe hemolytic anemia."; RL Hemoglobin 5:97-105(1981). RN [118] RP INVOLVEMENT IN HEINZ BODY ANEMIAS, AND VARIANTS BRUXELLES PHE-42 DEL RP AND PHE-43 DEL. RX PubMed=2599881; RA Blouquit Y., Bardakdjian J., Lena-Russo D., Arous N., Perrimond H., RA Orsini A., Rosa J., Galacteros F.; RT "Hb Bruxelles: alpha 2A beta (2)41 or 42(C7 or CD1)Phe deleted."; RL Hemoglobin 13:465-474(1989). RN [119] RP VARIANT ZENGCHENG MET-115. RX MEDLINE=91177717; PubMed=2079435; RA Plaseska D., Wilson J.B., Gu L.H., Kutlar F., Huisman T.H.J., RA Zeng Y.T., Shen M.; RT "Hb Zengcheng or alpha 2 beta(2)114(G16)Leu-->Met."; RL Hemoglobin 14:555-557(1990). RN [120] RP VARIANT NON-SPHEROCYTIC HAEMOLITIC ANEMIA GLY-68. RX PubMed=8280608; RA Fay K.C., Brennan S.O., Costello J.M., Potter H.C., Williamson D.A., RA Trent R.J., Ockelford P.A., Boswell D.R.; RT "Haemoglobin Manukau beta 67[E11] Val-->Gly: transfusion-dependent RT haemolytic anaemia ameliorated by coexisting alpha thalassaemia."; RL Br. J. Haematol. 85:352-355(1993). RN [121] RP INVOLVEMENT IN HEINZ BODY ANEMIAS, AND VARIANT BRISTOL ASP-68. RX PubMed=8704193; RA Rees D.C., Rochette J., Schofield C., Green B., Morris M., RA Parker N.E., Sasaki H., Tanaka A., Ohba Y., Clegg J.B.; RT "A novel silent posttranslational mechanism converts methionine to RT aspartate in hemoglobin Bristol (beta 67[E11] Val-Met->Asp)."; RL Blood 88:341-348(1996). RN [122] RP VARIANT IRAQ-HALABJA VAL-11. RX PubMed=10398311; RX DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199907)61:3<187::AID-AJH5>3.0.CO;2-7; RA Deutsch S., Darbellay R., Offord R.E., Frutiger A., Kister J., RA Wajcman H., Beris P.; RT "Hb Iraq-Halabja beta10 (A7) Ala-->Val (GCC-->GTC): a new beta-chain RT silent variant in a family with multiple Hb disorders."; RL Am. J. Hematol. 61:187-193(1999). RN [123] RP VARIANT VILLEJUIF ILE-124. RX PubMed=11300351; DOI=10.1081/HEM-100103071; RA Carbone V., Salzano A.M., Pagano L., Buffardi S., De Rosa C., RA Pucci P.; RT "Identification of Hb Villejuif [beta123(H1)Thr-->Ile] in Southern RT Italy."; RL Hemoglobin 25:67-78(2001). RN [124] RP VARIANT TSUKUMI TYR-118. RX PubMed=11300344; DOI=10.1081/HEM-100103076; RA North M.L., Duwig I., Riou J., Prome D., Yapo A.P., Kister J., RA Bardakdjian-Michau J., Cazenave J.-P., Wajcman H.; RT "Hb Tsukumi [beta117(G19)His-->Tyr] found in a Moroccan woman."; RL Hemoglobin 25:107-110(2001). RN [125] RP VARIANT CANTERBURY PHE-113. RX PubMed=11939514; DOI=10.1081/HEM-120002942; RA Brennan S.O., Potter H.C., Kubala L.M., Carnoutsos S.A., RA Ferguson M.M.; RT "Hb Canterbury [beta112(G14)Cys-->Phe]: a new, mildly unstable RT variant."; RL Hemoglobin 26:67-69(2002). RN [126] RP VARIANT PYRGOS ASP-84, AND VARIANT E LYS-27. RX PubMed=12144064; DOI=10.1081/HEM-120005459; RA Sawangareetrakul P., Svasti S., Yodsowon B., Winichagoon P., RA Srisomsap C., Svasti J., Fucharoen S.; RT "Double heterozygosity for Hb Pyrgos [beta83(EF7)Gly-->Asp] and Hb E RT [beta26(B8)Glu-->Lys] found in association with alpha-thalassemia."; RL Hemoglobin 26:191-196(2002). RN [127] RP VARIANT SANTANDER ASP-35. RX PubMed=12603091; DOI=10.1081/HEM-120016378; RA Villegas A., Ropero P., Nogales A., Gonzalez F.A., Mateo M., Mazo E., RA Rodrigo E., Arias M.; RT "Hb Santander [beta34(B16)Val-->Asp (GTC-->GAC)]: a new unstable RT variant found as a de novo mutation in a Spanish patient."; RL Hemoglobin 27:31-35(2003). RN [128] RP VARIANT NANTES LEU-35, AND VARIANT VEXIN LEU-117. RX PubMed=12908805; DOI=10.1081/HEM-120023384; RA Wajcman H., Bardakdjian-Michau J., Riou J., Prehu C., Kister J., RA Baudin-Creuza V., Prome D., Richelme-David S., Harousseau J.L., RA Galacteros F.; RT "Two new hemoglobin variants with increased oxygen affinity: Hb Nantes RT [beta34(B16)Val-->Leu] and Hb Vexin [beta116(G18)His-->Leu]."; RL Hemoglobin 27:191-199(2003). RN [129] RP VARIANT LYS-27. RX PubMed=15481886; DOI=10.1081/HEM-120040334; RA Flatz G., Sanguansermsri T., Sengchanh S., Horst D., Horst J.; RT "The 'hot-spot' of Hb E [beta26(B8)Glu-->Lys] in Southeast Asia: beta- RT globin anomalies in the Lao Theung population of southern Laos."; RL Hemoglobin 28:197-204(2004). CC -!- FUNCTION: Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the CC various peripheral tissues. CC -!- FUNCTION: LVV-hemorphin-7 potentiates the activity of bradykinin, CC causing a decrease in blood pressure. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Heterotetramer of two alpha chains and two beta chains in CC adult hemoglobin A (HbA). CC -!- INTERACTION: CC P69905:HBA1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-715554, EBI-714680; CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Red blood cells. CC -!- PTM: Glucose reacts non-enzymatically with the N-terminus of the CC beta chain to form a stable ketoamine linkage. This takes place CC slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life span of the CC red blood cell. The rate of glycation is increased in patients CC with diabetes mellitus. CC -!- PTM: S-nitrosylated; a nitric oxide group is first bound to Fe(2+) CC and then transferred to Cys-94 to allow capture of O(2). CC -!- PTM: Acetylated on Lys-60, Lys-83 and Lys-145 upon aspirin CC exposure. PubMed:16916647 reports the identification of HBB CC acetylated on Lys-145 in the cytosolic fraction of HeLa cells. CC This may results from a contamination of the sample. CC -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=1310; Method=FAB; Range=33-42; CC Source=PubMed:1575724; CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in HBB may be a cause of Heinz body anemias CC [MIM:140700]. This is a form of non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia CC of Dacie type 1. After splenectomy, which has little benefit, CC basophilic inclusions called Heinz bodies are demonstrable in the CC erythrocytes. Before splenectomy, diffuse or punctate basophilia CC may be evident. Most of these cases are probably instances of CC hemoglobinopathy. The hemoglobin demonstrates heat lability. Heinz CC bodies are observed also with the Ivemark syndrome (asplenia with CC cardiovascular anomalies) and with glutathione peroxidase CC deficiency. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in HBB are the cause of beta-thalassemia CC [MIM:141900, 604131]. The thalassemias are the most common CC monogenic diseases and occur mostly in Mediterranean and Southeast CC Asian populations. The hallmark of beta-thalassemia is an CC imbalance in globin-chain production in the adult HbA molecule. CC Absence of beta chain causes beta(0)-thalassemia, while reduced CC amounts of detectable beta globin causes beta(+)-thalassemia. In CC the severe forms of beta-thalassemia, the excess alpha globin CC chains accumulate in the developing erythroid precursors in the CC marrow. Their deposition leads to a vast increase in erythroid CC apoptosis that in turn causes ineffective erythropoiesis and CC severe microcytic hypochromic anemia. Clinically, beta-thalassemia CC is divided into thalassemia major (transfusion dependent), CC thalassemia intermedia (of intermediate severity), and thalassemia CC minor (asymptomatic). CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in HBB are the cause of sickle cell anemia CC [MIM:603903]; also known as sickle cell disease. Sickle cell CC anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red cells resulting CC in chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain, serious CC infections and damage to vital organs. Normal red blood cells are CC round and flexible and flow easily through blood vessels, but in CC sickle cell anemia, the abnormal hemoglobin (called Hb S) causes CC red blood cells to become stiff. They are C-shaped and resembles a CC sickle. These stiffer red blood cells can led to microvascular CC occlusion thus cutting off the blood supply to nearby tissues. CC -!- DISEASE: Defects in HBB are the cause of dominant beta-thalassemia CC inclusion body type [MIM:603902]. This form of beta-thalassemia is CC transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion and is characterized CC by anemia, enlargement of the spleen, and gross abnormalities of CC the erythrocytes and their precursors. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: One molecule of 2,3-bisphospoglycerate can bind to CC two beta chains per hemoglobin tetramer. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the globin family. CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=HbVar; Note=Human hemoglobin variants and CC thalassemias; CC URL="http://globin.bx.psu.edu/cgi-bin/hbvar/query_vars3?mode=directlink&gene=HBB"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; CC URL="http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=HBB"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and CC polymorphism database; CC URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=HBB"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Hemoglobin entry; CC URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin"; CC ----------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License CC ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; M25079; AAA35597.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; V00499; CAA23758.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126270; AAZ39745.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126271; AAZ39746.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126272; AAZ39747.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126273; AAZ39748.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126274; AAZ39749.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126275; AAZ39750.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126276; AAZ39751.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126277; AAZ39752.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126278; AAZ39753.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126279; AAZ39754.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126280; AAZ39755.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126281; AAZ39756.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126282; AAZ39757.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126283; AAZ39758.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126284; AAZ39759.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126285; AAZ39760.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126286; AAZ39761.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126287; AAZ39762.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126288; AAZ39763.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126289; AAZ39764.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126290; AAZ39765.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126291; AAZ39766.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126292; AAZ39767.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126293; AAZ39768.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126294; AAZ39769.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126295; AAZ39770.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126296; AAZ39771.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126297; AAZ39772.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126298; AAZ39773.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126299; AAZ39774.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126300; AAZ39775.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126301; AAZ39776.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126302; AAZ39777.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126303; AAZ39778.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126304; AAZ39779.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126305; AAZ39780.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126306; AAZ39781.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126307; AAZ39782.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126308; AAZ39783.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126309; AAZ39784.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126310; AAZ39785.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126311; AAZ39786.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126312; AAZ39787.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126313; AAZ39788.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126314; AAZ39789.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126315; AAZ39790.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126316; AAZ39791.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126317; AAZ39792.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126318; AAZ39793.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126319; AAZ39794.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126320; AAZ39795.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126321; AAZ39796.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126322; AAZ39797.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126323; AAZ39798.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126324; AAZ39799.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ126325; AAZ39800.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AF007546; AAB62944.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AF117710; AAD19696.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF181989; AAF00489.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF349114; AAK29639.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF527577; AAM92001.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AY136510; AAN11320.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY163866; AAN84548.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AY260740; AAP21062.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CR536530; CAG38767.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; CR541913; CAG46711.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC007075; AAH07075.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; U01317; AAA16334.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; V00497; CAA23756.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; V00500; CAA23759.1; ALT_SEQ; mRNA. DR EMBL; L26462; AAA21100.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26463; AAA21101.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26464; AAA21102.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26465; AAA21103.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26466; AAA21104.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26467; AAA21105.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26468; AAA21106.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26469; AAA21107.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26470; AAA21108.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26471; AAA21109.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26472; AAA21110.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26473; AAA21111.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26474; AAA21112.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26475; AAA21113.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26476; AAA21114.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26477; AAA21115.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L26478; AAA21116.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L48213; AAA88063.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L48214; AAA88061.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L48215; AAA88059.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L48216; AAA88065.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; L48217; AAA88067.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M36640; AAA52634.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M11428; AAA52633.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; M25113; AAA35966.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; L48932; AAA88054.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; A01592; CAA00182.1; -; Unassigned_DNA. DR PIR; A53136; HBHU. DR RefSeq; NP_000509.1; -. DR UniGene; Hs.523443; -. DR PDB; 1A00; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1A01; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1A0U; X-ray; 2.14 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1A0Z; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1A3N; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1A3O; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1ABW; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1ABY; X-ray; 2.60 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1AJ9; X-ray; 2.20 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1B86; X-ray; 2.50 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BAB; X-ray; 1.50 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BBB; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BIJ; X-ray; 2.30 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BUW; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=2-147. DR PDB; 1BZ0; X-ray; 1.50 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BZ1; X-ray; 1.59 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1BZZ; X-ray; 1.59 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1C7B; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1C7C; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1C7D; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1CBL; X-ray; 1.80 A; A/B/C/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1CBM; X-ray; 1.74 A; A/B/C/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1CH4; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=2-129. DR PDB; 1CLS; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1CMY; X-ray; 3.00 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1COH; X-ray; 2.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1DKE; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1DXT; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1DXU; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1DXV; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1FN3; X-ray; 2.48 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1G9V; X-ray; 1.85 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1GBU; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1GBV; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1GLI; X-ray; 2.50 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1GZX; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HAB; X-ray; 2.30 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HAC; X-ray; 2.60 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HBA; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HBB; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HBS; X-ray; 3.00 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1HCO; X-ray; 2.70 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1HDB; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HGA; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HGB; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HGC; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1HHO; X-ray; 2.10 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1IRD; X-ray; 1.25 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1J3Y; X-ray; 1.55 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1J3Z; X-ray; 1.60 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1J40; X-ray; 1.45 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1J41; X-ray; 1.45 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1J7S; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1J7W; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1J7Y; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1JY7; X-ray; 3.20 A; B/D/Q/S/V/X=1-147. DR PDB; 1K0Y; X-ray; 1.87 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1K1K; X-ray; 2.00 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1KD2; X-ray; 1.87 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFL; X-ray; 2.70 A; B/D/Q/S=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFQ; X-ray; 2.60 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFT; X-ray; 2.60 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFV; X-ray; 2.80 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFY; X-ray; 3.30 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1LFZ; X-ray; 3.10 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1LJW; X-ray; 2.16 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1M9P; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1MKO; X-ray; 2.18 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1NEJ; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1NIH; X-ray; 2.60 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1NQP; X-ray; 1.73 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1I; X-ray; 2.30 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1J; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1K; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1L; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1M; X-ray; 1.85 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1N; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1O; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1O1P; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1QI8; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1QSH; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1QSI; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1QXD; X-ray; 2.25 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1QXE; X-ray; 1.85 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1R1X; X-ray; 2.15 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1R1Y; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1RPS; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1RQ3; X-ray; 1.91 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1RQ4; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1RQA; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1RVW; X-ray; 2.50 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1SDK; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1SDL; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1THB; X-ray; 1.50 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1UIW; X-ray; 1.50 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1VWT; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XXT; X-ray; 1.91 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XY0; X-ray; 1.99 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XYE; X-ray; 2.13 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZ2; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZ4; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZ5; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZ7; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZU; X-ray; 2.16 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1XZV; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1Y09; X-ray; 2.25 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1Y0A; X-ray; 2.22 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1Y0C; X-ray; 2.30 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1Y0D; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1Y0T; X-ray; 2.14 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y0W; X-ray; 2.14 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y22; X-ray; 2.16 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y2Z; X-ray; 2.07 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y31; X-ray; 2.13 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y35; X-ray; 2.12 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y45; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y46; X-ray; 2.22 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4B; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4F; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4G; X-ray; 1.91 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4P; X-ray; 1.98 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4Q; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4R; X-ray; 2.22 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y4V; X-ray; 1.84 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y5F; X-ray; 2.14 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y5J; X-ray; 2.03 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y5K; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y7C; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y7D; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y7G; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y7Z; X-ray; 1.98 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y83; X-ray; 1.90 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1Y85; X-ray; 2.13 A; B/D=1-146. DR PDB; 1Y8W; X-ray; 2.90 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YDZ; X-ray; 3.30 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YE0; X-ray; 2.50 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YE1; X-ray; 4.50 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YE2; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YEN; X-ray; 2.80 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YEO; X-ray; 2.22 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YEQ; X-ray; 2.75 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YEU; X-ray; 2.12 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YEV; X-ray; 2.11 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YFF; X-ray; 2.40 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 1YG5; X-ray; 2.70 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YGD; X-ray; 2.73 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YGF; X-ray; 2.70 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YH9; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YHE; X-ray; 2.10 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YHR; X-ray; 2.60 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YIE; X-ray; 2.40 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YIH; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=3-147. DR PDB; 1YVQ; X-ray; 1.80 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 1YVT; X-ray; 1.80 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 1YZI; X-ray; 2.07 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2D5Z; X-ray; 1.45 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 2D60; X-ray; 1.70 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 2DN1; X-ray; 1.25 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2DN2; X-ray; 1.25 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 2DN3; X-ray; 1.25 A; B=2-147. DR PDB; 2DXM; Neutron; 2.10 A; B/D=2-147. DR PDB; 2H35; NMR; -; B/D=2-147. DR PDB; 2HBC; X-ray; 2.10 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2HBD; X-ray; 2.20 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2HBE; X-ray; 2.00 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2HBF; X-ray; 2.20 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2HBS; X-ray; 2.05 A; B/D/F/H=1-147. DR PDB; 2HCO; X-ray; 2.70 A; B=1-147. DR PDB; 2HHD; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 2HHE; X-ray; 2.20 A; B/D=4-147. DR PDB; 2YRS; X-ray; 2.30 A; B/D/K/O=2-147. DR PDB; 3D17; X-ray; 2.80 A; B/D=2-147. DR PDB; 4HHB; X-ray; 1.74 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDB; 6HBW; X-ray; 2.00 A; B/D=1-147. DR PDBsum; 1A00; -. DR PDBsum; 1A01; -. DR PDBsum; 1A0U; -. DR PDBsum; 1A0Z; -. DR PDBsum; 1A3N; -. DR PDBsum; 1A3O; -. DR PDBsum; 1ABW; -. DR PDBsum; 1ABY; -. DR PDBsum; 1AJ9; -. DR PDBsum; 1B86; -. DR PDBsum; 1BAB; -. DR PDBsum; 1BBB; -. DR PDBsum; 1BIJ; -. DR PDBsum; 1BUW; -. DR PDBsum; 1BZ0; -. DR PDBsum; 1BZ1; -. DR PDBsum; 1BZZ; -. DR PDBsum; 1C7B; -. DR PDBsum; 1C7C; -. DR PDBsum; 1C7D; -. DR PDBsum; 1CBL; -. DR PDBsum; 1CBM; -. DR PDBsum; 1CH4; -. DR PDBsum; 1CLS; -. DR PDBsum; 1CMY; -. DR PDBsum; 1COH; -. DR PDBsum; 1DKE; -. DR PDBsum; 1DXT; -. DR PDBsum; 1DXU; -. DR PDBsum; 1DXV; -. DR PDBsum; 1FN3; -. DR PDBsum; 1G9V; -. DR PDBsum; 1GBU; -. DR PDBsum; 1GBV; -. DR PDBsum; 1GLI; -. DR PDBsum; 1GZX; -. DR PDBsum; 1HAB; -. DR PDBsum; 1HAC; -. DR PDBsum; 1HBA; -. DR PDBsum; 1HBB; -. DR PDBsum; 1HBS; -. DR PDBsum; 1HCO; -. DR PDBsum; 1HDB; -. DR PDBsum; 1HGA; -. DR PDBsum; 1HGB; -. DR PDBsum; 1HGC; -. DR PDBsum; 1HHO; -. DR PDBsum; 1IRD; -. DR PDBsum; 1J3Y; -. DR PDBsum; 1J3Z; -. DR PDBsum; 1J40; -. DR PDBsum; 1J41; -. DR PDBsum; 1J7S; -. DR PDBsum; 1J7W; -. DR PDBsum; 1J7Y; -. DR PDBsum; 1JY7; -. DR PDBsum; 1K0Y; -. DR PDBsum; 1K1K; -. DR PDBsum; 1KD2; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFL; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFQ; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFT; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFV; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFY; -. DR PDBsum; 1LFZ; -. DR PDBsum; 1LJW; -. DR PDBsum; 1M9P; -. DR PDBsum; 1MKO; -. DR PDBsum; 1NEJ; -. DR PDBsum; 1NIH; -. DR PDBsum; 1NQP; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1I; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1J; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1K; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1L; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1M; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1N; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1O; -. DR PDBsum; 1O1P; -. DR PDBsum; 1QI8; -. DR PDBsum; 1QSH; -. DR PDBsum; 1QSI; -. DR PDBsum; 1QXD; -. DR PDBsum; 1QXE; -. DR PDBsum; 1R1X; -. DR PDBsum; 1R1Y; -. DR PDBsum; 1RPS; -. DR PDBsum; 1RQ3; -. DR PDBsum; 1RQ4; -. DR PDBsum; 1RQA; -. DR PDBsum; 1RVW; -. DR PDBsum; 1SDK; -. DR PDBsum; 1SDL; -. DR PDBsum; 1THB; -. DR PDBsum; 1UIW; -. DR PDBsum; 1VWT; -. DR PDBsum; 1XXT; -. DR PDBsum; 1XY0; -. DR PDBsum; 1XYE; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZ2; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZ4; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZ5; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZ7; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZU; -. DR PDBsum; 1XZV; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y09; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y0A; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y0C; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y0D; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y0T; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y0W; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y22; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y2Z; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y31; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y35; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y45; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y46; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4B; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4F; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4G; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4P; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4Q; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4R; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y4V; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y5F; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y5J; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y5K; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y7C; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y7D; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y7G; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y7Z; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y83; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y85; -. DR PDBsum; 1Y8W; -. DR PDBsum; 1YDZ; -. DR PDBsum; 1YE0; -. DR PDBsum; 1YE1; -. DR PDBsum; 1YE2; -. DR PDBsum; 1YEN; -. DR PDBsum; 1YEO; -. DR PDBsum; 1YEQ; -. DR PDBsum; 1YEU; -. DR PDBsum; 1YEV; -. DR PDBsum; 1YFF; -. DR PDBsum; 1YG5; -. DR PDBsum; 1YGD; -. DR PDBsum; 1YGF; -. DR PDBsum; 1YH9; -. DR PDBsum; 1YHE; -. DR PDBsum; 1YHR; -. DR PDBsum; 1YIE; -. DR PDBsum; 1YIH; -. DR PDBsum; 1YVQ; -. DR PDBsum; 1YVT; -. DR PDBsum; 1YZI; -. DR PDBsum; 2D5Z; -. DR PDBsum; 2D60; -. DR PDBsum; 2DN1; -. DR PDBsum; 2DN2; -. DR PDBsum; 2DN3; -. DR PDBsum; 2DXM; -. DR PDBsum; 2H35; -. DR PDBsum; 2HBC; -. DR PDBsum; 2HBD; -. DR PDBsum; 2HBE; -. DR PDBsum; 2HBF; -. DR PDBsum; 2HBS; -. DR PDBsum; 2HCO; -. DR PDBsum; 2HHD; -. DR PDBsum; 2HHE; -. DR PDBsum; 2YRS; -. DR PDBsum; 3D17; -. DR PDBsum; 4HHB; -. DR PDBsum; 6HBW; -. DR IntAct; P68871; -. DR PhosphoSite; P68871; -. DR SWISS-2DPAGE; P68871; -. DR HSC-2DPAGE; P68871; -. DR PMMA-2DPAGE; P68871; -. DR REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE; IPI00654755; -. DR REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE; P68871; -. DR Siena-2DPAGE; P68871; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P68871; -. DR Ensembl; ENSG00000188170; Homo sapiens. DR GeneID; 3043; -. DR KEGG; hsa:3043; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:4827; HBB. DR HPA; CAB009526; -. DR MIM; 140700; phenotype. DR MIM; 141900; gene+phenotype. DR MIM; 603902; phenotype. DR MIM; 603903; phenotype. DR MIM; 604131; phenotype. DR Orphanet; 848; Beta-thalassemia. DR Orphanet; 2132; Hemoglobin C disease. DR Orphanet; 2133; Hemoglobin E disease. DR Orphanet; 232; Sickle cell anaemia. DR PharmGKB; PA29202; -. DR HOVERGEN; P68871; -. DR DrugBank; DB00893; Iron Dextran. DR LinkHub; P68871; -. DR NextBio; 12048; -. DR ArrayExpress; P68871; -. DR GermOnline; ENSG00000188170; Homo sapiens. DR GO; GO:0005833; C:hemoglobin complex; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030492; F:hemoglobin binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0019825; F:oxygen binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005344; F:oxygen transporter activity; NAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030185; P:nitric oxide transport; NAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0015671; P:oxygen transport; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0045429; P:positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynt...; NAS:UniProtKB. DR InterPro; IPR012292; Globin. DR InterPro; IPR000971; Globin_subset. DR InterPro; IPR002337; Haemoglobin_b. DR Gene3D; G3DSA:1.10.490.10; Globin_related; 1. DR Pfam; PF00042; Globin; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00814; BETAHAEM. DR PROSITE; PS01033; GLOBIN; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Acetylation; Direct protein sequencing; KW Disease mutation; Glycation; Glycoprotein; Heme; Hypotensive agent; KW Iron; Metal-binding; Oxygen transport; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; KW Pyruvate; S-nitrosylation; Transport; Vasoactive. FT INIT_MET 1 1 Removed. FT CHAIN 2 147 Hemoglobin subunit beta. FT /FTId=PRO_0000052976. FT PEPTIDE 33 42 LVV-hemorphin-7. FT /FTId=PRO_0000296641. FT METAL 64 64 Iron (heme distal ligand). FT METAL 93 93 Iron (heme proximal ligand). FT BINDING 2 2 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate; via amino FT nitrogen. FT BINDING 3 3 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. FT BINDING 83 83 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. FT BINDING 144 144 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. FT SITE 60 60 Not glycated. FT SITE 83 83 Not glycated. FT SITE 96 96 Not glycated. FT SITE 142 142 Susceptible to oxidation; associated with FT variant Atlanta, variant non-spherocytic FT haemolytic anemia and variant FT Christchurch. FT SITE 145 145 Aspirin-acetylated lysine. FT MOD_RES 2 2 N-acetylalanine; in variant Raleigh. FT MOD_RES 2 2 N-pyruvate 2-iminyl-valine; in Hb A1b. FT MOD_RES 94 94 S-nitrosocysteine. FT MOD_RES 131 131 Phosphotyrosine. FT CARBOHYD 2 2 N-linked (Glc) (glycation); in Hb A1c. FT CARBOHYD 9 9 N-linked (Glc) (glycation). FT CARBOHYD 18 18 N-linked (Glc) (glycation). FT CARBOHYD 67 67 N-linked (Glc) (glycation). FT CARBOHYD 121 121 N-linked (Glc) (glycation). FT CARBOHYD 145 145 N-linked (Glc) (glycation). FT VARIANT 2 2 V -> A (in Raleigh; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002856. FT VARIANT 3 3 H -> L (in Graz; dbSNP:rs35906307). FT /FTId=VAR_002857. FT VARIANT 3 3 H -> Q (in Okayama; O(2) affinity up; FT dbSNP:rs713040). FT /FTId=VAR_002858. FT VARIANT 3 3 H -> R (in Deer Lodge; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002859. FT VARIANT 3 3 H -> Y (in Fukuoka). FT /FTId=VAR_002860. FT VARIANT 6 6 P -> R (in Warwickshire; FT dbSNP:rs34769005). FT /FTId=VAR_002861. FT VARIANT 7 7 E -> A (in G-Makassar). FT /FTId=VAR_002862. FT VARIANT 7 7 E -> K (in C). FT /FTId=VAR_002864. FT VARIANT 7 7 E -> Q (in Machida). FT /FTId=VAR_002865. FT VARIANT 7 7 E -> V (in S; sickle cell anemia; FT dbSNP:rs334). FT /FTId=VAR_002863. FT VARIANT 8 8 E -> G (in G-San Jose; mildly unstable; FT dbSNP:rs34948328). FT /FTId=VAR_002866. FT VARIANT 8 8 E -> K (in G-Siriraj). FT /FTId=VAR_002867. FT VARIANT 9 9 K -> E (in N-Timone; dbSNP:rs33932981). FT /FTId=VAR_002868. FT VARIANT 9 9 K -> Q (in J-Luhe). FT /FTId=VAR_002869. FT VARIANT 9 9 K -> T (in Rio Grande). FT /FTId=VAR_002870. FT VARIANT 10 10 S -> C (in Porto Alegre; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_002871. FT VARIANT 11 11 A -> D (in Ankara). FT /FTId=VAR_002872. FT VARIANT 11 11 A -> V (in Iraq-Halabja). FT /FTId=VAR_025393. FT VARIANT 12 12 V -> D (in Windsor; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable; dbSNP:rs33974228). FT /FTId=VAR_002873. FT VARIANT 12 12 V -> I (in Hamilton). FT /FTId=VAR_002874. FT VARIANT 14 14 A -> D (in J-Lens; dbSNP:rs35203747). FT /FTId=VAR_002875. FT VARIANT 15 15 L -> P (in Saki; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002876. FT VARIANT 15 15 L -> R (in Soegn; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002877. FT VARIANT 16 16 W -> G (in Randwick; unstable; FT dbSNP:rs33946157). FT /FTId=VAR_002878. FT VARIANT 16 16 W -> R (in Belfast; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002879. FT VARIANT 17 17 G -> D (in J-Baltimore/J-Trinidad/J- FT Ireland/J-Georgia/N-New Haven). FT /FTId=VAR_002880. FT VARIANT 17 17 G -> R (in D-Bushman). FT /FTId=VAR_002881. FT VARIANT 18 18 K -> E (in Nagasaki; dbSNP:rs33986703). FT /FTId=VAR_002882. FT VARIANT 18 18 K -> N (in J-Amiens). FT /FTId=VAR_002883. FT VARIANT 18 18 K -> Q (in Nikosia). FT /FTId=VAR_002884. FT VARIANT 19 19 V -> M (in Baden; slightly unstable; FT dbSNP:rs35802118). FT /FTId=VAR_002885. FT VARIANT 20 20 N -> D (in Alamo). FT /FTId=VAR_002886. FT VARIANT 20 20 N -> K (in D-Ouleh RABAH). FT /FTId=VAR_002887. FT VARIANT 20 20 N -> S (in Malay). FT /FTId=VAR_002888. FT VARIANT 21 21 V -> M (in Olympia; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002889. FT VARIANT 22 22 D -> G (in Connecticut; O(2) affinity FT down). FT /FTId=VAR_002890. FT VARIANT 22 22 D -> H (in Karlskoga). FT /FTId=VAR_002892. FT VARIANT 22 22 D -> N (in Cocody). FT /FTId=VAR_002891. FT VARIANT 22 22 D -> Y (in Yusa). FT /FTId=VAR_002893. FT VARIANT 23 23 E -> A (in G-Coushatta/G-Saskatoon/G- FT Taegu/Hsin Chu). FT /FTId=VAR_002894. FT VARIANT 23 23 E -> G (in G-Taipei). FT /FTId=VAR_002895. FT VARIANT 23 23 E -> K (in E-Saskatoon; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002896. FT VARIANT 23 23 E -> Q (in D-Iran). FT /FTId=VAR_002897. FT VARIANT 23 23 E -> V (in D-Granada). FT /FTId=VAR_002898. FT VARIANT 24 24 V -> D (in Strasbourg; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002899. FT VARIANT 24 24 V -> F (in Palmerston North; O(2) FT affinity up; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002900. FT VARIANT 24 24 V -> G (in Miyashiro; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002901. FT VARIANT 25 25 G -> D (in Moscva; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002902. FT VARIANT 25 25 G -> R (in Riverdale-Bronx; O(2) affinity FT up; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002903. FT VARIANT 25 25 G -> V (in Savannah; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002904. FT VARIANT 26 26 G -> D (in J-Auckland; unstable; O(2) FT affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002905. FT VARIANT 26 26 G -> R (in G-Taiwan Ami). FT /FTId=VAR_002906. FT VARIANT 27 27 E -> K (in E). FT /FTId=VAR_002907. FT VARIANT 27 27 E -> V (in Henri Mondor; slightly FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002908. FT VARIANT 28 28 A -> D (in Volga/Drenthe; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002909. FT VARIANT 28 28 A -> S (in Knossos). FT /FTId=VAR_002910. FT VARIANT 28 28 A -> V (in Grange-blanche; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_002911. FT VARIANT 29 29 L -> P (in Genova/Hyogo; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002912. FT VARIANT 29 29 L -> Q (in St Louis). FT /FTId=VAR_035236. FT VARIANT 30 30 G -> D (in Lufkin; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002913. FT VARIANT 31 31 R -> S (in Tacoma; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002914. FT VARIANT 32 32 L -> P (in Yokohama; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002915. FT VARIANT 33 33 L -> R (in Castilla; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002916. FT VARIANT 33 33 L -> V (in Muscat; slightly unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002917. FT VARIANT 35 35 V -> D (in Santander; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_025394. FT VARIANT 35 35 V -> F (in Pitie-Salpetriere; O(2) FT affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002918. FT VARIANT 35 35 V -> L (in Nantes; increased oxygen FT affinity). FT /FTId=VAR_025395. FT VARIANT 36 36 Y -> F (in Philly; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002919. FT VARIANT 37 37 P -> R (in Sunnybrook). FT /FTId=VAR_002920. FT VARIANT 37 37 P -> S (in North Chicago; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_002921. FT VARIANT 37 37 P -> T (in Linkoping/Finlandia; O(2) FT affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002922. FT VARIANT 38 38 W -> G (in Howick). FT /FTId=VAR_002923. FT VARIANT 38 38 W -> R (in Rothschild; O(2) affinity FT down). FT /FTId=VAR_002925. FT VARIANT 38 38 W -> S (in Hirose; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002924. FT VARIANT 39 39 T -> N (in Hinwil; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002926. FT VARIANT 40 40 Q -> E (in Vaasa; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002927. FT VARIANT 40 40 Q -> K (in Alabama). FT /FTId=VAR_002928. FT VARIANT 40 40 Q -> R (in Tianshui). FT /FTId=VAR_002929. FT VARIANT 42 42 F -> Y (in Mequon). FT /FTId=VAR_002930. FT VARIANT 42 42 Missing (in Bruxelles). FT /FTId=VAR_035237. FT VARIANT 43 43 F -> L (in Louisville; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002931. FT VARIANT 43 43 F -> S (in Hammersmith). FT /FTId=VAR_035239. FT VARIANT 43 43 Missing (in Bruxelles). FT /FTId=VAR_035238. FT VARIANT 44 44 E -> Q (in Hoshida/Chaya). FT /FTId=VAR_002932. FT VARIANT 45 45 S -> C (in Mississippi). FT /FTId=VAR_002933. FT VARIANT 46 46 F -> S (in Cheverly; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002934. FT VARIANT 47 47 G -> E (in K-Ibadan). FT /FTId=VAR_002935. FT VARIANT 48 48 D -> A (in Avicenna). FT /FTId=VAR_002936. FT VARIANT 48 48 D -> G (in Gavello). FT /FTId=VAR_002937. FT VARIANT 48 48 D -> Y (in Maputo). FT /FTId=VAR_002938. FT VARIANT 49 49 L -> P (in Bab-Saadoum; slightly FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002939. FT VARIANT 50 50 S -> F (in Las Palmas; slightly FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002940. FT VARIANT 51 51 T -> K (in Edmonton). FT /FTId=VAR_002941. FT VARIANT 52 52 P -> R (in Willamette; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002942. FT VARIANT 53 53 D -> A (in Ocho Rios). FT /FTId=VAR_002943. FT VARIANT 53 53 D -> H (in Summer Hill). FT /FTId=VAR_002944. FT VARIANT 55 55 V -> D (in Jacksonville; O(2) affinity FT up; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002945. FT VARIANT 56 56 M -> K (in Matera; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002946. FT VARIANT 57 57 G -> R (in Hamadan). FT /FTId=VAR_002947. FT VARIANT 58 58 N -> K (in G-ferrara; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002948. FT VARIANT 59 59 P -> R (in Dhofar/Yukuhashi). FT /FTId=VAR_002949. FT VARIANT 60 60 K -> E (in I-High Wycombe). FT /FTId=VAR_002950. FT VARIANT 61 61 V -> A (in Collingwood; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002951. FT VARIANT 62 62 K -> E (in N-Seatlle). FT /FTId=VAR_002952. FT VARIANT 62 62 K -> M (in Bologna; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002953. FT VARIANT 62 62 K -> N (in Hikari). FT /FTId=VAR_002954. FT VARIANT 63 63 A -> D (in J-Europa). FT /FTId=VAR_002955. FT VARIANT 63 63 A -> P (in Duarte; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002956. FT VARIANT 64 64 H -> Y (in M-Saskatoon; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_002957. FT VARIANT 66 66 K -> M (in J-Antakya). FT /FTId=VAR_002958. FT VARIANT 66 66 K -> N (in J-Sicilia). FT /FTId=VAR_002959. FT VARIANT 66 66 K -> Q (in J-Cairo). FT /FTId=VAR_002960. FT VARIANT 67 67 K -> T (in Chico; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002961. FT VARIANT 68 68 V -> A (in Sydney; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002962. FT VARIANT 68 68 V -> D (in Bristol). FT /FTId=VAR_035240. FT VARIANT 68 68 V -> G (in non-spherocytic haemolytic FT anemia; Manukau; dbSNP:rs33918343). FT /FTId=VAR_040060. FT VARIANT 68 68 V -> M (in Alesha; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002963. FT VARIANT 69 69 L -> H (in Brisbane; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002964. FT VARIANT 69 69 L -> P (in Mizuho; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002965. FT VARIANT 70 70 G -> D (in Rambam). FT /FTId=VAR_002966. FT VARIANT 70 70 G -> R (in Kenitra). FT /FTId=VAR_002967. FT VARIANT 70 70 G -> S (in City of Hope). FT /FTId=VAR_002968. FT VARIANT 71 71 A -> D (in Seattle; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002969. FT VARIANT 72 72 F -> S (in Christchurch; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002970. FT VARIANT 74 74 D -> G (in Tilburg; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002971. FT VARIANT 74 74 D -> V (in Mobile; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002972. FT VARIANT 74 74 D -> Y (in Vancouver; O(2) affinity FT down). FT /FTId=VAR_002973. FT VARIANT 75 75 G -> R (in Aalborg; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002974. FT VARIANT 75 75 G -> V (in Bushwick; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002975. FT VARIANT 76 76 L -> P (in Atlanta; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002976. FT VARIANT 76 76 L -> R (in Pasadena; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002977. FT VARIANT 77 77 A -> D (in J-Chicago). FT /FTId=VAR_002978. FT VARIANT 78 78 H -> D (in J-Iran). FT /FTId=VAR_002979. FT VARIANT 78 78 H -> R (in Costa Rica). FT /FTId=VAR_002980. FT VARIANT 78 78 H -> Y (in Fukuyama). FT /FTId=VAR_002981. FT VARIANT 79 79 L -> R (in Quin-hai). FT /FTId=VAR_002982. FT VARIANT 80 80 D -> Y (in Tampa). FT /FTId=VAR_002983. FT VARIANT 81 81 N -> K (in G-Szuhu/Gifu). FT /FTId=VAR_002984. FT VARIANT 82 82 L -> H (in La Roche-sur-Yon; unstable and FT O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_012663. FT VARIANT 82 82 L -> R (in Baylor; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002985. FT VARIANT 83 83 K -> M (in Helsinki; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002986. FT VARIANT 83 83 K -> N (in Providence). FT /FTId=VAR_012664. FT VARIANT 84 84 G -> D (in Pyrgos). FT /FTId=VAR_025396. FT VARIANT 84 84 G -> R (in Muskegon). FT /FTId=VAR_002987. FT VARIANT 85 85 T -> I (in Kofu). FT /FTId=VAR_002988. FT VARIANT 87 87 A -> D (in Olomouc; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002989. FT VARIANT 88 88 T -> I (in Quebec-Chori). FT /FTId=VAR_002990. FT VARIANT 88 88 T -> K (in D-Ibadan). FT /FTId=VAR_002991. FT VARIANT 88 88 T -> P (in Valletta). FT /FTId=VAR_002992. FT VARIANT 89 89 L -> P (in Santa Ana; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002993. FT VARIANT 89 89 L -> R (in Boras; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002994. FT VARIANT 90 90 S -> N (in Creteil; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002995. FT VARIANT 90 90 S -> R (in Vanderbilt; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_002996. FT VARIANT 91 91 E -> D (in Pierre-Benite; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_002997. FT VARIANT 91 91 E -> K (in Agenogi; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_002998. FT VARIANT 92 92 L -> P (in Sabine; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_002999. FT VARIANT 92 92 L -> R (in Caribbean; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003000. FT VARIANT 93 93 H -> D (in J-Altgelds Gardens; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003001. FT VARIANT 93 93 H -> N (in Isehara; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003002. FT VARIANT 93 93 H -> P (in Newcastle and Duino; FT associated with S-104 in Duino; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003003. FT VARIANT 93 93 H -> Q (in Istambul; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003004. FT VARIANT 94 94 C -> R (in Okazaki; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003005. FT VARIANT 95 95 D -> G (in Chandigarh). FT /FTId=VAR_003006. FT VARIANT 95 95 D -> H (in Barcelona; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003007. FT VARIANT 95 95 D -> N (in Bunbury; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003008. FT VARIANT 96 96 K -> M (in J-Cordoba). FT /FTId=VAR_003009. FT VARIANT 96 96 K -> N (in Detroit). FT /FTId=VAR_003010. FT VARIANT 97 97 L -> P (in Debrousse; unstable; O(2) FT affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003011. FT VARIANT 97 97 L -> V (in Regina; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003012. FT VARIANT 98 98 H -> L (in Wood; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003013. FT VARIANT 98 98 H -> P (in Nagoya; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003014. FT VARIANT 98 98 H -> Q (in Malmoe; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003015. FT VARIANT 98 98 H -> Y (in Moriguchi). FT /FTId=VAR_003016. FT VARIANT 99 99 V -> G (in Nottingham; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003017. FT VARIANT 100 100 D -> E (in Coimbra; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003018. FT VARIANT 101 101 P -> L (in Brigham; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003019. FT VARIANT 101 101 P -> R (in New Mexico). FT /FTId=VAR_003020. FT VARIANT 102 102 E -> D (in Potomac; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003021. FT VARIANT 102 102 E -> G (in Alberta; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003022. FT VARIANT 102 102 E -> K (in British Columbia; O(2) FT affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003023. FT VARIANT 102 102 E -> Q (in Rush; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003024. FT VARIANT 103 103 N -> S (in Beth Israel; O(2) affinity FT down; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003025. FT VARIANT 103 103 N -> Y (in St Mande; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_003026. FT VARIANT 104 104 F -> L (in Heathrow; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003027. FT VARIANT 105 105 R -> S (in Camperdown and Duino; FT associated with P-92 in Duino; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003028. FT VARIANT 105 105 R -> T (in Sherwood Forest). FT /FTId=VAR_003029. FT VARIANT 108 108 G -> R (in Burke; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003030. FT VARIANT 109 109 N -> K (in Presbyterian; O(2) affinity FT down; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003031. FT VARIANT 110 110 V -> M (in San Diego; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003032. FT VARIANT 111 111 L -> P (in Showa-Yakushiji). FT /FTId=VAR_003033. FT VARIANT 112 112 V -> A (in Stanmore; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003034. FT VARIANT 113 113 C -> F (in Canterbury). FT /FTId=VAR_025397. FT VARIANT 113 113 C -> R (in Indianapolis). FT /FTId=VAR_003035. FT VARIANT 113 113 C -> Y (in Yahata). FT /FTId=VAR_003036. FT VARIANT 115 115 L -> M (in Zengcheng). FT /FTId=VAR_010144. FT VARIANT 115 115 L -> P (in Durham-N.C./Brescia; causes FT beta-thalassemia). FT /FTId=VAR_010145. FT VARIANT 116 116 A -> D (in Hradec Kralove; unstable; FT causes severe beta-thalassemia). FT /FTId=VAR_003037. FT VARIANT 116 116 A -> P (in Madrid; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003038. FT VARIANT 117 117 H -> L (in Vexin; increased oxygen FT affinity). FT /FTId=VAR_025398. FT VARIANT 117 117 H -> Q (in Hafnia). FT /FTId=VAR_003039. FT VARIANT 118 118 H -> P (in Saitama; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003040. FT VARIANT 118 118 H -> R (in P-Galveston). FT /FTId=VAR_003041. FT VARIANT 118 118 H -> Y (in Tsukumi). FT /FTId=VAR_025399. FT VARIANT 120 120 G -> A (in Iowa). FT /FTId=VAR_003042. FT VARIANT 121 121 K -> E (in Hijiyama). FT /FTId=VAR_003043. FT VARIANT 121 121 K -> I (in Jianghua). FT /FTId=VAR_003044. FT VARIANT 121 121 K -> Q (in Takamatsu). FT /FTId=VAR_003045. FT VARIANT 122 122 E -> A (in D-Neath). FT /FTId=VAR_003046. FT VARIANT 122 122 E -> G (in St Francis). FT /FTId=VAR_003047. FT VARIANT 122 122 E -> K (in O-Arab). FT /FTId=VAR_003049. FT VARIANT 122 122 E -> Q (in D-Los Angeles/D-Punjab/D- FT Portugal/D-Chicago/D-Oak Ridge). FT /FTId=VAR_003048. FT VARIANT 122 122 E -> V (in D-Camperdown/Beograd). FT /FTId=VAR_003050. FT VARIANT 124 124 T -> I (in Villejuif; asymptomatic FT variant). FT /FTId=VAR_003051. FT VARIANT 125 125 P -> Q (in Ty Gard; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003053. FT VARIANT 125 125 P -> R (in Khartoum; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003052. FT VARIANT 125 125 P -> S (in Tunis). FT /FTId=VAR_003054. FT VARIANT 127 127 V -> A (in Beirut). FT /FTId=VAR_003055. FT VARIANT 127 127 V -> E (in Hofu; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003057. FT VARIANT 127 127 V -> G (in Dhonburi/Neapolis; unstable; FT beta-thalassemia). FT /FTId=VAR_003056. FT VARIANT 128 128 Q -> E (in Complutense). FT /FTId=VAR_003058. FT VARIANT 128 128 Q -> K (in Brest; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003059. FT VARIANT 129 129 A -> D (in J-Guantanamo; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003060. FT VARIANT 130 130 A -> P (in Crete; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003061. FT VARIANT 130 130 A -> V (in La Desirade; O(2) affinity FT down; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003062. FT VARIANT 131 131 Y -> D (in Wien; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003063. FT VARIANT 131 131 Y -> S (in Nevers). FT /FTId=VAR_003064. FT VARIANT 132 132 Q -> E (in Camden/Tokuchi/Motown). FT /FTId=VAR_003065. FT VARIANT 132 132 Q -> K (in Shelby/Leslie/Deaconess; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003066. FT VARIANT 132 132 Q -> P (in Shangai; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003067. FT VARIANT 132 132 Q -> R (in Sarrebourg; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003068. FT VARIANT 133 133 K -> N (in Yamagata; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_003069. FT VARIANT 133 133 K -> Q (in K-Woolwich). FT /FTId=VAR_003070. FT VARIANT 134 134 V -> L (in Extredemura). FT /FTId=VAR_003071. FT VARIANT 135 135 V -> E (in North Shore-Caracas; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003072. FT VARIANT 136 136 A -> E (in Beckman; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003073. FT VARIANT 136 136 A -> P (in Altdorf; O(2) affinity up; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003074. FT VARIANT 137 137 G -> D (in Hope; O(2) affinity down; FT unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003075. FT VARIANT 139 139 A -> P (in Brockton; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003076. FT VARIANT 140 140 N -> D (in Geelong; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003077. FT VARIANT 140 140 N -> K (in Hinsdale; O(2) affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_003078. FT VARIANT 140 140 N -> S (in S-Wake; associated with V-6). FT /FTId=VAR_025335. FT VARIANT 140 140 N -> Y (in Aurora; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003079. FT VARIANT 141 141 A -> D (in Himeji; unstable; O(2) FT affinity down). FT /FTId=VAR_003080. FT VARIANT 141 141 A -> T (in St Jacques: O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003081. FT VARIANT 141 141 A -> V (in Puttelange; polycythemia; O(2) FT affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003082. FT VARIANT 142 142 L -> R (in Olmsted; unstable). FT /FTId=VAR_003083. FT VARIANT 143 143 A -> D (in Ohio; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003084. FT VARIANT 144 144 H -> D (in Rancho Mirage). FT /FTId=VAR_003085. FT VARIANT 144 144 H -> P (in Syracuse; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003087. FT VARIANT 144 144 H -> Q (in Little Rock; O(2) affinity FT up). FT /FTId=VAR_003086. FT VARIANT 144 144 H -> R (in Abruzzo; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003088. FT VARIANT 145 145 K -> E (in Mito; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003089. FT VARIANT 146 146 Y -> C (in Rainier; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003090. FT VARIANT 146 146 Y -> H (in Bethesda; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003091. FT VARIANT 147 147 H -> D (in Hiroshima; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003092. FT VARIANT 147 147 H -> L (in Cowtown; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003093. FT VARIANT 147 147 H -> P (in York; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003094. FT VARIANT 147 147 H -> Q (in Kodaira; O(2) affinity up). FT /FTId=VAR_003095. FT HELIX 6 16 FT TURN 21 23 FT HELIX 24 35 FT HELIX 37 42 FT HELIX 44 46 FT HELIX 52 57 FT HELIX 59 77 FT TURN 78 80 FT HELIX 82 94 FT TURN 95 97 FT HELIX 102 119 FT HELIX 120 122 FT HELIX 125 142 FT HELIX 144 146 SQ SEQUENCE 147 AA; 15998 MW; A31F6D621C6556A1 CRC64; MVHLTPEEKS AVTALWGKVN VDEVGGEALG RLLVVYPWTQ RFFESFGDLS TPDAVMGNPK VKAHGKKVLG AFSDGLAHLD NLKGTFATLS ELHCDKLHVD PENFRLLGNV LVCVLAHHFG KEFTPPVQAA YQKVVAGVAN ALAHKYH //